Hydrocracking, a catalytic cracking process conducted in the presence of hydrogen, was developed to be a versatile manufacturing process for increasing the yields of either gasoline or jet fuels. Chemically resistant masonry, walter lee sheppard, jr. It is ideal for professionals who are on the outside looking in, i. This book is an overview of the processes and operations concerned with refining of crude oil into products. Hydrogen pinch analysis of a petroleum refinery as an energy.
Fundamentals of petroleum refining download ebook pdf. The other links add value to petroleum mainly by moving and storing it e. The initial process, thermal reforming, was developed in the late 1920s. Handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition meyers, robert on. Refineries also produce some byproduct hydrogen from the catalytic reforming of naphtha into higher value highoctane products, but that supply meets only a fraction of their hydrogen needs. Fundamentals of petroleum refining download ebook pdf, epub.
Fundamentals of petroleum refining ebook written by mohamed a. Mineral industries extension services and maynard moody stephens page images at hathitrust petroleum supply annual washington, d. Fundamentals of petroleum refining 1st edition elsevier. Most sour crudes have sulfur levels in the range of 1. The others, including petroleum refining, technology and economics, by james gary, glenn handwerk, and mark kaiser, refining processes handbook, by surinder parkash, and even the venerable petroleum processing handbook, by bland and davidson. Leffler outlines ways the refiners utilize hydrogen to remove contaminants and unwanted molecules from the refinery. Air products offers fullyintegrated hydrogen fueling stations. Financial and economic aspects of petroleum refining processes alternative fuels, such as hydrogen and biofuels environmental and safety issues in petroleum processing new test methods, specifications, and quality of various petroleum products refinery inspection and maintenance new advances and trends towards future refineries. Mar 01, 2015 hydrogen pinch analysis of a petroleum refinery as an energy management strategy. Hydrogen generation for modern refineries with increasing demand for diesel, more stringent product specifications for cleaner fuels, reduced fuel oil demand and the economic advantages in processing heavier sourer crudes, the demand for hydrogen in refineries continues to grow. Although refineries produce a significant quantity of hydrogen needed for hydrotreating and hydroconversion processes, in most cases, additional hydrogen is needed particularly for refining the sour crudes. The increased use of purchased hydrogen has implications for the refining industrys use of natural gas as a feedstock. University of zagreb petroleum refining and petrochemical. Useful as a textbook, this is also an excellent, handy goto reference for the veteran engineer, a volume no chemical or process engineering library.
With increase in the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon molecules, the density of petroleum products. Meyers is the inventor or coinventor of a number of broadly used engineering processes, and has managed projects in nearly every facet of the petroleum refining industry. In addition, small amounts of organic compounds containing sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and metals such as vanadium, nickel, iron, and copper are also present. Download pdf petroleum refining free online new books in. In processing crude oil 84% by volume of the hydrocarbons are converted into such products. Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries also referred to as oil refineries to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas lpg, gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils. The book covers important topics, such as clean fuels, gasification, biofuels, and. Corrosion in petroleum refining and petrochemical operations. The desulfurization of heavy oils and residua, james g. Buy fundamentals of petroleum refining book online at low. By 1970 the petroleum refining industry had become well established throughout the world. Handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition. This edition includes changes in sections covering naphthenic acid corrosion, overhead corrosion, alkylation plants, amine units, sensitization of austenitic stainless steels, hydroprocessing unit air cooler corrosion, wet hydrogen sulfide effects, corrosion in gas streams containing hydrogen sulfidecarbon dioxide mixtures, and pitting of stainless steels including super and duplex.
Click download or read online button to petroleum refining book pdf for free now. Within its pages, you will get complete details on the excavation and production of coal, diesel, and heavy crude as well as fuels such as shale oil and gas. Use and optimization of hydrogen at oil refineries author. Petroleum refining download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. This book is the most uptodate and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the stateoftheart to the engineer, scientist, or student. Hydrogen volumes consumed increasingly exceed those produced in a platformer and have to be supplemented by other sources. Oddly, only one reference book proved adequate, in my opinion, in explaining refinery science. Catalysis of organic reactions, edited by william r. Petroleum refining design and applications handbook wiley. Guide describes research conducted to support energy star and its work with the petroleum refining industry. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. The remaining chapters discuss hydrogen production, clean fuel production, refining. Petroleum refinery engineering abebooks passion for books. Systems for hydrogenation, hydrocracking and isomerization consume large amounts of hydrogen.
Eia data show that much of the growth in hydrogen use at refineries is being met through hydrogen purchased from merchant suppliers rather than from increased hydrogen production onsite at the refinery. Leffler wins out because his process descriptions are fairly detailed compared to the others. Best available tech reference document for the refining oil download link 1 download link 2. Petroleum is converted into energy rich fuels such as gasoline, diesel, jet, heating, liquid petroleum gas lpg, and other fuel oils. Products purchased from third party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read fundamentals of petroleum refining. This book is the most uptodate and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the stateofthe art to. Click download or read online button to get fundamentals of petroleum refining book now. Fundamentals of petroleum refining ebook, 2010 worldcat. Handbook of petroleum refining processes electronic. Amal sayed elkilani fundamentals of petroleum refining provides a thorough and balanced introduction to refinery engineering topics, from basic concepts and unit operations to overall refinery economics, planning and. Every process step must be accurately monitored to. The main scope of the course is to create strong basis and fundamentals regarding the processes in the petroleum refining. Hydrogen pinch analysis of a petroleum refinery as an.
Petroleum refining and the prod uction of ulsg and ulsd october 24, 2011 page 2 2. Our products and services are aimed at solving our customers technical, commercial, or costrelated challenges. Meyers book is useless to anyone new to oil refining but may be useful in the library of an old hand. Petroleum refining download petroleum refining ebook pdf or read online books in pdf, epub, and mobi format. Hydrodesulfurization hds is a catalytic chemical process widely used to remove sulfur s from natural gas and from refined petroleum products, such as gasoline or petrol, jet fuel, kerosene, diesel fuel, and fuel oils. An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel and fuel oils. Atmospheric and vacuum crude distillation units in petroleum refineries.
The most widespread process for rearranging hydrocarbon molecules is naphtha reforming. Air products has been a leading global supplier to the refining industry for more than 70 years providing industrial gases, equipment, gas separation and purification technologies, and innovative services and solutions. Pdf considering the importance of hydrogen in crude oil refining, it is necessary to. Therefore, a hydrogen plant is needed on site to provide the additional hydrogen demand. The hydrogen production unit analysed in this paper has to supply. Thermal reforming employed temperatures of 510565 c 9501,050 f at moderate pressuresabout 40 bars 4 mpa, or 600 psito obtain gasolines petrols with. The text also provides a detailed introduction to refinery engineering topics, ranging from the basic principles and unit operations to overall refinery economics. Pdf integration of hydrogen systems in petroleum refinery. Crude has a high energy density, relatively abundant, and is easily transportable.
The authors have over two decades of experience teaching and consulting in the field of petroleum refining. It discusses the material selection criteria for a number of ferrous and nonferrous alloys used in petroleum refining and petrochemical applications. He then presents a quick overview of all the processes examined in this series, and illustrates how they all work together. Integration of hydrogen systems in petroleum refinery article pdf available in chemical and biochemical engineering quarterly 303. Materials selection for petroleum refineries and gathering. Hydrogen production and management for petroleum processing. The refining operations presented here are those concerned with blending products in an optimum. The physical and chemical properties of petroleum and petroleum products are described, along with major modern refining processes. Petroleum refining at a glance petroleum refining is a unique and critical link in the petroleum supply chain, from the wellhead to the pump. The petroleum refinery engineers handbook by strachan, j f and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at. Purchase fundamentals of petroleum refining 1st edition.
This paper presents the exergy and production costs evaluation of a complete hydrogen production unit of a petroleum refinery. In addition, small amounts of organic compounds containing sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and metals such as vanadium, nickel. Crude oil to the consuming public, crude oil is the raw material that will ultimately power our vehicles, provide heating, pave our roads, and become the building blocks for many of the plastics we use. Introduction, products, refinerys configurations, hydrogen technologies faculty of chemical engineering and technology university of zagreb ante jukic zavod za tehnologiju nafte i petrokemiju hr0 zagreb, savska cesta 16, p. Handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition features chapter contributions from experts at some of the worlds leading petroleum companies, including. Petroleum refinery engineering multiple choice questions. This book presents the basic aspects of current petroleum refining technology and economics in a systematic manner. Meyers was manager of chemical process technology at trw and is now president of ramtech limited. Buy fundamentals of petroleum refining book online at best prices in india on. The streams coming from processing units are not finished products. There is a renaissance that is occurring in chemical and process engineering, and it is crucial for todays scientists, engineers, technicians, and operators to stay current. It illustrates stateoftheart engineering methods for the refinement of heavy oils, bitumen, and other highsulphur feedstocks. In the refining industry, crude oil is called sweet low sulfur if its sulfur level is less than a threshold value e.
Although there are a number of books on petroleum refining, very few of them can be considered suitable for teaching the subject in a manner that integrates engineering fundamentals and petroleum refining technology. William lefflers petroleum refining in nontechnical language, 4th edition is a comprehensive overview of key refining topics by using relevant analogies, easytounderstand graphs, formulas, and illustrations. That is why most refineries have their own system for hydrogen generation. Petroleum refining is a technology that uses fossil fuels as raw materials and chemical catalysts as a means to achieve conversion of petroleum through once, twice, and deep processing to get a series of chemical products, which are further used as the basic raw materials for synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, plastics, chemical fertilizers and pesticides production. Not only legislation but more extensive processing of residues and higher diesel demand compared with petrol will also increase hydrogens demand.
This work highlights contemporary approaches to resource utilization and provides comprehensive coverage of technological advances in residuum conversion. Petroleum refining and petrochemical processes production of olefins steam cracking of hydrocarbons faculty of chemical engineering and technology university of zagreb ante jukic hr0 zagreb, savska cesta 16, p. An extensive glossary and dictionary of the terms and expressions used in petroleum refining, plus appendices supplying data such as converging factors and selected crude oil assays, as well as an example of optimizing a refinery configuration using linear programming are all included to aid the reader. This book presents basic aspects of current petroleum refining technology and economics in quite a systematic manner. The chemistry and technology of petroleum, james g. Mar 14, 2017 handbook of petroleum refining processes, fourth edition features chapter contributions from experts at some of the worlds leading petroleum companies, including. Eia surveys petroleum refineries and provides estimates of net hydrogen demand at the refinery, natural gas feedstock used to produce hydrogen, and hydrogen production capacity on an annual basis. This guide introduces energy efficiency opportunities available for petroleum refineries, beginning with descriptions of the trends, structure and production of the refining industry and the energy. The basic processes for achieving this are cracking processes, in which high boiling constituents of petroleum are cracked, or thermally decomposed, into lower molecular weight, lower boiling molecules, although reforming, alkylation, polymerization, and hydrogen refining processes also have wide application in producing premiumquality products.
Speight,2476 overland road, laramie, wy 820704808, usa 1. With so many changes over the last few decades in equipment and processes, petroleum refining is almost a living document, constantly needing updating. Classifying refineries by configuration and complexity. Crude oil is a complex liquid mixture made up of a vast number of hydrocarbon compounds that consist mainly of carbon and hydrogen in differing proportions. Hydrogen generation consists of several steps including steam reforming, shift conversion, co 2 separation and cleaning. Petroleum refining an overview sciencedirect topics. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. Fundamentals of petroleum refining presents the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics, and it explains the scientific background essential for understanding refinery operations. Because the total amount of hydrogen demand is known, and onsite production in the refinery smrs can be. Oguntola 2 1 department of chemical engineering, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria. Hydrogen for refineries is increasingly provided by. Within its pages, you will get complete details on the excavation and.
Other compounds in crude oil contain not only carbon and hydrogen, but also small but important amounts of other. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Chemistry, refining, fuels and petrochemicals petroleum products 161 james g. Petroleum refining designs and applications a kayode. Pennsylvania state college school of mineral industries, c1941, by pennsylvania state college. The purpose of removing the sulfur, and creating products such as ultralowsulfur diesel, is to reduce the sulfur dioxide so. Petric, integration of hydrogen systems in petroleum refinery, chem. Graphical correlations of vapor liquid kvalues for hydrogen hydrocarbon systems paper for presentation to a session on hydrocarbon property correlations, 29th midyear meeting, american petroleum institute division of refining, 11 may 1964, pp. Huge quantities of data are provided so that the casestudy method can be easily applied. Click download or read online button to get petroleum refining book now. With no new refineries being built, companies are spending their.